Cesare Crova, La figura di Pietro Fedele e il suo contributo alla tutela del patrimonio culturale
Estratto dal fascicolo 61-62 (gennaio-giugno 2024)
Pietro Fedele and his contribution to the protection of cultural heritage
The paper gives a picture of the many sides to Pietro Fedele, a historian, intellectual and politician, the Minister of Education, and a Senator of the Kingdom of Italy. Some of his previously lesser known activities are looked into, partly from archival documents, some of which can be found in the Appendix. During a fruitful period at the Ministry (1925–1928), he gained the esteem of the Prime Minister and moved in the same circles as eminent cultural figures such as Gustavo Giovannoni, Gino Chierici and Amedeo Maiuri. It was in this period that he implemented school reform; carried out numerous archaeological campaigns, reopening the excavations at Herculaneum and Minturnae, and recuperating the Nemi ships; commissioned several architectural restorations in southern Lazio and northern Campania; and laid the foundations for several major reforms to protect cultural heritage. By 1926 he was working on reforming the Consiglio Superiore delle Belle Arti (Superior Council of Fine Arts), which had been abolished in 1922, after the First World War. His major emphasis was on adjusting the laws to protect cultural heritage. The process he put in motion led to the modification of Law 364 of 1909 and to the promulgation of the 1939 laws on landscape (1497) and historical–artistic assets (1089). For the 1089 law, he chaired the Commission drafting the Implementation Regulation. The arrest of the Head of Government, on 23 July 1943, meant that this was never to see the light of day. At the same time, he was doing his own research and held numerous institutional roles: President of the Italian Historical Institute for the Middle Ages (1935–1943) and director of the Great Encyclopaedic Dictionary (1933–1940). He also managed projects very much in the public spotlight, such as the construction of the Monument to Italy’s Victory in the First World War in Bolzano. As President of the Commission, appointed by Mussolini, he oversaw its construction and entrusted the project to Marcello Piacentini. The building still stands as a landmark for Italian Rationalist architecture in South Tyrol. Pietro Fedele died on January 9, 1943, a few months before the German withdrawal, not living to see the fall of the Fascist regime, to whom he dedicated some of his last thoughts in his hand penned will. Heavy damage along the Gustav Line, running from the Tyrrhenian Sea across to the mouth of the Garigliano River, had resulted in the loss and looting of some of the works he had dedicated much of his life to. The Tower of Paldolfo Capodiferro, just outside ancient Minturnae, which he had had restored and made home to his offices and the Museum of Aurunca Civilization was just one of the many victims of the war’s destruction.
Ultimo aggiornamento
7 Agosto 2025, 12:19